Adolf gutmann



To all whom it may concern UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

ADOLF GUTMANN, OF FLORENCE, ITALY.

METHOD OF OIL-PAINTING ON FABRIC S.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 243,445, dated June 28, 1881.

Application filed April 6, 1881.

Be it known that I, ADOLF GUTMANN, a citizen of the Grand Duchy of Baden, residing at Florence, Italy, have invented certain Improvements in Oil-Painting on Fabrics, of which the following is a specification.

Many attempts have hitherto been made,but with little or no success, to employ oil-colors for painting on fabrics. The difficulties met with have not been overcome, the oil leaving marks on the fabric around the painting and certain colors losingtheir brightness. Besides, the suppleness of the fabrics has been affected by some preliminary preparations, which prevent the carrying out of the object intended that is to say, the painting in oil upon fabrics for dresses, curtains, furniture, and other purposes. These ditticulties are overcome by the present invention, by means of which the fabric preserves its freshness and suppleness, and the brilliancy of the colors equals and even surpasses that of the handsomest fabrics. If the painting is done on silk or satin, (whether made entirely from silk or from silk woven with cotton,) the colors become of theluster of enamel, and their shade changes according to the reflection of the silk. The colors receive a more powerful luster by air or light, because no varnish or gum is employed in the process. The colors are therefore not. liable to become dull in course of time, as has hitherto been found the case, and the fabric retains its natural suppleness. The paintings preserve the freshness which they possess when first done.

The following is the mode I prefer to employ in carrying out my improved process:

I boil water in an earthenware vessel, which should have a low rim and be kept exclusively for this purpose. When the water is boiling I remove the vessel from the fire and pour into it some liquor of the composition No 1, hereinafter described. The liquor should be in the proportion of one-third to two-thirds of water. I keep this mixture very hot during the whole time that the operation which follows continues, in order that as much vapor (N o specimens.) Patented in France February 12, 1881.

aspossible may be disengaged from the liquid. The heat may be kept up by means of a spiritlam p. I then stretch the fabric above the vapor, taking care to present its wrong side to the moisture. I hold it thus for some minutes, being careful not to wet it too much. The vapor must penetrate to the parts intended to be painted. After having left the fabric to dry for one or two hours, it can be painted upon by stretching it on a frame or on wood or card-board. I then trace the design, in the ordinary manner, with an ivory point, using tracing-paper-red for black or dark fabrics and white paper for clear colors.

I prefer the vapor method of treating the fabric, as it is the best with which I am acquainted; but other means for applying the preparatory compound may be employed.

The last operation of the process, which is the most delicate, requires the greatest care to obtain a perfect result. The cup, which is attached to the palette, and which generally contains linseed oil, should contain liquor of the composition No. 2, hereinafter described, which is used while painting. When the oilcolors. are placed on the palette, I drop into them with the brush one or more drops of the liquor No. 2, using more or fewer drops, according to the quantity of the color which it is wished to employ. The brush should be soaked with the liquor No. 2 each time that it is charged with color. The first coat should be applied sufficiently thick in order that the fabric may be well covered. I first apply a coat of white over all the parts intended to be painted rose, blue, or violet, and I leave this coat to dry for two or three days. It is only thus that a perfect transparency of the shades will be obtained.- After having applied the color to the fabric, it is important after a few minutes to apply the brush again to the freshlypainted part, always having in view the direction of every small detail of the design. In

The two compositions hereinbefore referred to are made ofthe following ingredients, in about the proportions stated:

Composition No. 1.

Distilled or pure water 82 parts.

Molasses or similar saccharinev 2 Benzine 3 Turpentine 2 Spirits of Wine or alcohol 9 Nitro-benzole n i i 2 100 Composition N0. 2. Benzine 82 parts. Turpentine t 11 Spirits of wine or alcohol 5 Nitrobenzole 2 Where these compositions are to be used the bottles or vessels containing them should be well shaken.

Having thus described my invention, I claim- 1. The herein-described method of preparing fabrics for oil-painting, which consists in treating them with a compound of water, mo-

lasses, benzine, turpentine, spirits of wine, and nitro-benzole, in about the proportions named.

2. The herein-described method of painting on fabrics, which consists in first treating the fabrics with a compound of water, molasses, benzine, turpentine, spirits of wine, and nitrobenzole, and then, when dry, applying oil-colors mixed with a vehicle composed of turpentine, benzine, spirits of wine, and nitro-benzole, mixed in about the proportions specified.

3. The compound herein described for treatin g fabrics to be painted with oil-colors, which consists of water, molasses,'benzine, turpentine, spirits of wine, and nitro-benzole, mixed in about the proportions specified.

4. The compound herein described to be used as a vehicle for oil-colors for painting on fabrics treated with compound No. 1, which consists of benzine, turpentine, spirits of wine, and nitro-benzole, in about the proportions specified.

In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

ADOLF GUTMANN.

Witnesses:

ROBERT BANKI, SPIRrro BEMONDI. 

